Introduction

The term ‘pollution’ has gained a wider significance in recent years. Pollution refers to the release of chemical or substances into the environment that is injurious for human, animal and plant life. The water, air, noise and other forms of pollution in one terminology is known as the pollution of the eco-system.

Water Pollution

Water Pollution refers to the contamination of water bodies such as water, sea, lakes, ocean, etc. It happens when pollutants are discharged into water without proper treatment. The organic sources of water pollution are food-processing wastes, tree debris, etc. The inorganic sources are acidic industrial discharge, silt, etc.

Proper treatment of pollutants before their introduction to the water bodies is of utmost importance to mitigate the growing water pollution.

Air Pollution

Air pollution is introduction of chemicals to the atmosphere. It damages environmental balance and causes several diseases. The major causes include massive deforestation, atomic explosions, old vehicles, industrial fumes, etc.

Massive deforestation should be immediately stopped since it has altered the balance between oxygen and carbon dioxide. Industrial and vehicle law relating to air pollution should be properly implemented.

Noise Pollution

Noise pollution is the excessive sound that may cause harm to the humanity. The sources of indoor noise pollution are machines, television, music activities. The external sources of noise pollution are industries, vehicles, trains, etc.

Noise control measures such as noise barriers, smooth roadways, etc. can be introduced to reduce the pollution.

Thermal Pollution

The excessive use of water as coolant in heavy industries and power plants cause change in the temperature of water in lakes, ponds and rivers beyond normal limits. This is called Thermal Pollution.

Conclusion

The principal cause behind this pollution is ‘exploitation of nature’. The environmental laws across the globe make an attempt to control pollution. But people are accustomed to break the law.

Since we all know the causes of these hazards, we should behave responsibly towards the environment as an attempt to control pollution.